城镇化是一个国家或地区社会、经济发展水平的重要标志,也是人类走向文明和社会进步不可逾越的历史阶段。广西边境地区口岸城镇化作为广西城镇化的一个重要组成部分,由于各种因素的制约,其城镇化水平落后于广西整体水平,在新时期,也滞后于自身经济发展水平。广西边境口岸城镇化发展滞后,不但严重阻碍了广西北部湾经济区的社会经济发展,而且也制约了整个广西经济全局的发展,不利于社会主义和谐社会的构建和全面建设小康社会宏伟目标的实现。本文以广西边境地区口岸城镇作为研究对象,通过对它的城镇化发展的历史考察、现状分析、以及未来发展模式进行探讨,系统地梳理了广西边境口岸城镇的发展演变过程;通过比较其他地区城镇化发展的成功模式,结合广西边境地区及周边地区的资源优势和区位优势、发展的机遇与挑战,探讨广西边境口岸城镇化的特色发展道路,为学界及相关决策部门提供理论参考。文章首先从历史发展的角度来分析广西边境口岸城镇形成的过程。影响边境口岸城镇形成、发展的因素包括:军事战争的需要、交通要道的重要性、民族交往和民族融合的推动、边境贸易不断发展壮大的必然要求。并进一步论述边境口岸城镇形成发展的鲜明特点,即边境贸易的扩大和边境城镇的发展两者之间的相互推动和相互促进。第二部分分析边境口岸城镇对整个国家和地方经济、社会发展的地位和作用。对国家而言,口岸城镇肩负着实施对外开放和边境防务的职能;对地方而言,口岸城镇是当地经济活动的中心,肩负着“兴边富民”,推进边境地区工业化,振兴少数民族经济的使命。第三部分分析广西边境口岸城镇化发展的现状及存在的问题。通过对照城镇化的衡量指标,得出边境地区口岸城镇化存在的问题主要有:一是边境口岸城镇人口规模普遍较小;二是边境口岸城镇工业基础薄弱;三是边境口岸城镇功能单一,第三产业发展迟缓;四是口岸城镇化发展滞后,严重制约边境贸易的进一步发展。最后以龙州县水口镇为例,用具体的事实来说明广西边境口岸城镇化发展中存在的问题在水口镇的表现。第四部分是全文的重点和中心,对广西边境口岸城镇化发展战略模式提出构想。先是简要介绍边境地区有着自身独特的发展优势,主要表现在:丰富的自然资源和人文资源;富集的口岸资源;实施“边境建设大会战”带来的契机。再结合这些优势,对比国内三种城镇化发展模式的成功经验,提出发展边境口岸城镇化的两种模式:一是规模化发展模式;二是专业化发展模式。并分别以凭祥市和爱店镇两个边境口岸城镇作为这两种模式的代表,进行论证这两种发展模式的可行性。最后,对广西边境口岸城镇化的发展前景提出展望。由于全国、全区正处于城镇化发展的上升时期,边境地区的硬件、软件方面都无法与发达地区相比较,在招商引资和吸引人才方面处于劣势;边境地区的教育、思想、文化等方面的发展是当地可持续发展的内在动力,而这些方面也是边境地区薄弱的环节。所以,本文认为,要改变这一现状,需要整个社会的大力支持和投入,也需要一个长期的过程。|||Urbanization is an important symbol of a country or an area’s social and economic development, and a necessary history phase in a society’s progress and on human’s way to civilization. As an important part of Guangxi’s urbanization, the frontier region’s urbanization not only drops far behind Guangxi’s average but also behind the frontier region’s own social and economic development. It also restricts Guangxi’s whole development and goes against the socialism harmonious and the comfortably-off society construction.The research sorts out the frontier region’s urbanization evolvement based on its development history, current situation and strategic conception. By comparing other area urbanization development successful models, connecting with self advantages, study on the way of development of Guangxi frontier region’s urbanization.The first part of this article analyzes the Guangxi frontier port town’s forming process from the historical development angle. The factors of affects the towns to form and develop includes: military war needs, communication line importance, the impetus of the national contact and the nationality fuss, and the request of the frontier trade’s development and expand. This part further discusses the port town’s characteristic of its development, that is frontier trade’s expand and frontier town’s development promotes mutually.The second part of this article analyzes frontier port town’s status and function to the whole country and local society, economical development. As for the whole country, port town undertakes foreign countries opening and the frontier protection. As for the locality, port town is the local economic activity center, which advances the frontier area industrialization and promotes the ethnic minority economy development. The third part of this article analyzes the town development the present situation and the existence questions. Through compares the towns weight target, obtains the town development existence questions. The mainly to have: the urban population scale is generally smaller; the town industry foundation is weak; the town function is unitary, the tertiary industry development is slow; town development lag, serious restriction frontier trade further development. And then, takes the Shuikou town as an example to explain the existence questions in port town performance with the concrete fact.The fourth part of this paper is the center. It proposes the conception to the port town’s development strategy pattern. First is the brief introduction frontier area which has own unique development superiority. It displays in several aspects: rich natural and humanities resources; rich port resources; the frontier constructs building brings the opportunity. Embarks from these superiority, contrasts the domestic three kind of town development pattern the success experience, proposes development the frontier port towns two kind of patterns: scale development pattern and specialized development pattern. And respectively take these two kind of patterns the representative, carries on proves the two kind of development pattern the feasibility.Final part, proposes the forecast to the towns prospects for development. Because the whole country, the majority of Guangxi are being in the towns development the rising period. Hardware and software of frontier area aspect all is unable with the developed area to compare, attracting investment, capital and talented person is in the inferiority. Also,the education, the thought, the cultural development of the frontier area are the local sustainable development intrinsic power. These aspects also are the weak links. Therefore, this article considers it possible needs the entire social support and investment, needs a long-term process to change this present situation.